English Irregular Verbs
A verb is regular if both the past tense and past participle are formed by adding –ed or –d to the base form: brushed, typed. Irregular verb forms do not follow this pattern. It makes them more challenging since you must memorize them. Some irregular verbs have the same form for the past tense and the past participle: build, built, built. Others change for each principle part: choose, chose, chosen. And then there are those which stay the same for all three parts: let, let, let.
Here is a list of irregular verbs with their principle parts.
Irregular Verbs and Their Principle Parts
| Base Form | Past Tense | Past Participle |
| arise | arose | arisen |
| awake | awaked or awoke | awaked or awoken |
| be | was/were | been |
| bear | bore | borne or born |
| beat | beat | beaten |
| become | became | become |
| begin | began | begun |
| bend | bent | bent |
| bet | bet | bet |
| bind | bound | bound |
| bite | bit | bitten |
| blow | blew | blown |
| break | broke | broken |
| bring | brought | brought |
| build | built | built |
| burn | burned or burnt | burned or burnt |
| burst | burst | burst |
| buy | bought | bought |
| catch | caught | caught |
| choose | chose | chosen |
| cling | clung | clung |
| come | came | come |
| cost | cost | cost |
| cut | cut | cut |
| deal | dealt | dealt |
| dig | dug | dug |
| dive | dived or dove | dived |
| do | did | done |
| dream | dreamed or dreamt | dreamed or dreamt |
| drink | drank | drunk |
| drive | drove | driven |
| eat | ate | eaten |
| fall | fell | fallen |
| feed | fed | fed |
| feel | felt | felt |
| fight | fought | fought |
| find | bfound | found |
| flee | fled | fled |
| fly | flew | flown |
| forbid | forbade or forbad | forbidden |
| forget | forgot | forgotten or forgot |
| freeze | froze | frozen |
| get | got | got or gotten |
| give | gave | given |
| go | went | gone |
| grow | grew | grown |
| hang (suspend) | hung | hung |
| hang (execute) | hanged | hanged |
| have | had | had |
| hear | heard | heard |
| hide | hid | hidden |
| hit | hit | hit |
| hold | held | held |
| hurt | hurt | hurt |
| keep | kept | kept |
| know | knew | known |
| lay (put down) | laid | laid |
| lead | led | led |
| leave | left | left |
| lend | lent | lent |
| lie (down) | lay | lain |
| lie (say falsely) | lied | lied |
| let | let | let |
| lose | lost | lost |
| make | made | made |
| mean | meant | meant |
| meet | met | met |
| pay | paid | paid |
| prove | proved | proved or proven |
| put | put | put |
| read | read | read |
| ride | rode | ridden |
| ring | rang | rung |
| rise | rose | risen |
| run | ran | run |
| say | said | said |
| see | saw | seen |
| set | set | set |
| shake | shook | shaken |
| shine (glow) | shone | shone |
| shine (polish) | shined | shined |
| shoot | shot | shot |
| show | showed | shown or showed |
| shrink | shrank | shrunk |
| sing | sang | sung |
| sink | sank or sunk | sunk |
| sit | sat | sat |
| sleep | slept | slept |
| slide | slid | slid |
| speak | spoke | spoken |
| spend | spent | spent |
| spin | spun | spun |
| spring | sprang or sprung | sprung |
| stand | stood | stood |
| steal | stole | stolen |
| sting | stung | stung |
| stink | stank | stunk |
| strike | struck | struck |
| strive | strove | striven |
| swear | swore | sworn |
| swim | swam | swum |
| swing | swung | swung |
| take | took | taken |
| teach | taught | taught |
| tear | tore | torn |
| tell | told | told |
| think | thought | thought |
| throw | threw | thrown |
| understand | understood | understood |
| wake | woke or waked | woken or waked or woke |
| wear | wore | worn |
| win | won | won |
| wind | wound | wound |
| wring | wrung | wrung |
| write | wrote | written |